感应电治疗股外侧皮神经炎临床观察

目的:探讨感应电治疗股外侧皮神经炎的临床疗效.方法:将符合纳入标准的股外侧皮神经炎患者88例随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组在髂前上棘下10cm处进行肌肉注射维生素B 1100mg和B1 20.5mg治疗,治疗组用感应电治疗.结果:治疗一疗程后蚁走感、烧灼感、麻木感积分改善情况治疗组与对照组比较差异有显著性(p<0.01或<0.05),治疗二疗程后各症状积分改善情况治疗组与对照组比较差异有显著性(p<0.01或<0.05);治疗一疗程后及治疗二疗程后治疗组的临床疗效均优于对照组(p<0.01或<0.05).结论:感应电治疗股外侧皮神经炎疗效较好,值得临床推广.     

Inheritance of null alleles for microsatellites in the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi [Peck] [Coleoptera: Curculionidae])

Four families of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi) produced by controlled breeding were used to study the mode of inheritance at four microsatellite loci. The results confirmed the Mendelian segregation of all loci. Three of the four loci showed the presence of null alleles. The observed high polymorphism of P. strobi microsatellites increased their usefulness for paternity determination. The presence of null alleles predicates the need to redesign primers before using them in population genetics studies where pedigree is unknown.     

Impact of selection and breeding on the genetic diversity in Douglas-fir

Genetic changes following domestication of Douglas-fir were studied using isozyme data derived from two generations of seed orchards and their 49 wild progenitor populations. In addition, the breeding, production, and infusion populations used in the seed orchards were compared to their wild counterparts. Several parameters of gene diversity were measured (number of alleles per locus N _a, per cent of polymorphic loci PLP, and expected heterozygosity H, and population divergence D). These measures were similar or higher in the domesticated populations compared to their natural progenitors, indicating that early selection and breeding of a highly polymorphic species does not significantly reduce genetic variation. The two generations of seed orchards also did not differ, indicating that genetic variation may remain stable over future generations of forest plantations. Interestingly, compared to the natural populations, heterozygosity was higher in the seed orchards, probably due to pooling of widely distributed natural populations; however, rare localized or private alleles seemed to be less frequent in the domesticated populations. Differentiation values were not significant between the first generation orchards and the natural populations, but significant differences were observed between the second generation orchards and the wild progenitor populations, probably due to the interbreeding that forms the advanced generation seed orchards.     

大熊猫胃肠道内分泌细胞分布型的研究

本文用ＰＡＰ法对３只大熊猫胃底,幽门腺区、十二脂肠,空肠,回肠、结肠和直肠的五羟色胺,生长抑素,胃素,胆囊收缩囊,神经降压素、胃动素、抑胃多肽、胰高血糖素、血管活性肠肽和内啡肽的ＩＲ细胞进行了研究。结果表明,大熊猫胃肠道粘膜上皮中具有前八种ＩＲ细胞。对７年龄个体胃肠各段相对数量的比较和各段内分布情况的观察结果表明,除五羟色胺ＩＲ细胞在空肠分布较多外,大多数种类的ＩＲ细胞集中分布于幽门区和十二指肠,     

Ten polymorphic microsatellite markers developed in the masson pine moth Dendrolimus punctatus Walker (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)

A set of 10 polymorphic di‐ and trinucleotide microsatellite loci were developed for the forestry pest insect, masson pine moth, Dendrolimus punctatus Walker. The expected heterozygosity at these loci ranges from 0.285 to 0.859, and the observed allele numbers from five to 19. Cross species amplification of these loci in four other congeneric pine moth species indicates variable levels of loci conservation and thus cross‐applicability. Therefore, the microsatellite loci reported here should be useful for population genetic and other related studies in the masson pine moth and other closely related species.     

岗松化学成分的研究

从岗松的石油醚和氯仿提取组分中分离得到7个化合物,根据NMR、HSQC、HMBC、IR和MS的数据分析及与文献对照,确定它们的结构为白桦脂酸(betulinic acid,1),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,2),没食子酸乙酯(ethyl sabre,3),5-羟基-6-甲基-7-甲氧基-二氢黄酮(5-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-methoxy-flavanone,4),5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基二氢黄酮(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methylflavanone,5),5-羟基-7-甲氧基-2-异丙基色原酮(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-isopropylchromone,6)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,7).其中,化合物1～5和7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

护理士官分子生物学常用实验技术备课体会

目的：通过精心备课,以提高分子生物学教学中护理士官学员的学习效果。方法：在护理士官分子生物学常用实验技术理论教学中,从备学员、备目的要求、备内容、备方法和备小结几方面做好充分准备。结果：教学准备充分,学员学习兴趣浓,热情高。结论：结合护理士官特点备课,可以提高学员学习效果。     

Comparison of genetic parameters from marker-based relationship, sibship, and combined models in Scots pine multi-site open-pollinated tests

Nine microsatellite DNA markers (simple sequence repeats, SSRs) were used to estimate pairwise relationships among 597 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees as well as to generate a sibship structure for quantitative genetic parameters’ estimation comparison. The studied trees were part of an open-pollinated progeny test of 102 first-generation parents. Three methods were used to estimate variance components and heritabilities, namely, structured pedigree (half- and full-sib), marker-based pairwise relationships (four pairwise estimators), and a combined pedigree and marker-based relationship. In each of the three methods, the same animal model was used to compute variances except when marker-based relationship was used wherein we substituted the average numerator relationship matrix (i.e., pedigree-based matrix) with that computed based on markers’ pairwise relationships. Our results showed a high correlation in estimated breeding values between the pedigree (full-sib) and the combined marker-pedigree estimates. The marker-based relationship method produced high correlations when individual site data were analyzed. In contrast, the marker-based relationship method resulted in a significant decrease in both variance estimation and their standard errors which were in concordance with earlier published results; however, no estimates were produced when across-site analyses were attempted. We concluded that the combined pedigree method is the best approach as it represents the historical (pairwise) and contemporary (pedigree) relationships among the tested individuals, a situation that cannot be attained by any of the used methods individually. This method is dependent on the number and informativeness of the markers used.     

微藻光密度与细胞密度及生物质的关系

以四种常见微藻,小球藻(Chlorella sp.XQ-20044)、栅藻(Scenedesmus sp.SS-200716)、绿球藻(Chlorococcum sp.)和螺旋藻(Spirulina sp.CH-164)为实验材料,用梯度稀释法测定对数生长期不同浓度藻液的光密度(OD)、细胞密度和生物质干重(DW),在光自养分批培养模式下对4种微藻进行OD-波长(350—800 nm)扫描,同时测定细胞密度和生物质干重,分析藻液OD与细胞密度、生物质干重的关系。结果表明:在任何波长下,对数生长期的4种微藻细胞密度与OD值、生物质干重与OD值的变化都不成比例,波长不同其拟合曲线偏离直线的程度不同。但是,在435 nm处这种关系最接近直线,可以用直线方程近似描述(R20.98),其它波长处细胞密度-OD、干重-OD的关系都可以用二项式方程很好地描述(R20.99)。因此,光密度法适用于连续和半连续培养,可以用435 nm处测得的OD值计算细胞密度与干重。但是在分批培养模式下,4种微藻DW/OD比值随着培养时间均逐渐上升。小球藻DW/OD540为0.19—0.44 g/L,栅藻DW/OD540为0.36—0.53 g/L,绿球藻DW/OD540为0.48—0.75 g/L,螺旋藻DW/OD560为0.46—0.74 g/L,因此分批培养模式下采用测定藻液OD值反映细胞密度和生物质的方法不适用,只有直接测定细胞密度和生物质才是准确的。研究结果为正确使用分光光度法监测微藻生长提供依据。     

Randomized,replicated, staggered clonal-row (R2SCR) seed orchard design

Spatial randomization of clones across a seed orchard’s grid is commonly applied to promote cross-fertilization and minimize selfing. The high selection differential attained from advanced-generation breeding programs sets high premier on the genetic gain and diversity delivery from seed orchards, thus clonal allocation is important and even more challenging when clones share common ancestry. Evidences of low selfing in many conifers’ seed orchards, as a result of their high genetic load, inbreeding depression, and polyembryony are abundant and call for orchards’ design re-evaluation, specifically when randomization is associated with added managerial burden. Clonal-rows represent a viable option for simplifying orchards management; however, they are often associated with elevated correlated matings between adjacent clones. Here, we propose a modified clonal-row design that replicates, staggers, and randomizes the rows, thus doubling the number of adjacent clones and providing different set of neighboring clones at each replication, thus allowing accommodating related parents more readily than any single-tree arrangement. We present a novel algorithm packaged in user-friendly software for executing various seed orchards’ designs. The developed program is interactive and suitable for any orchard size and configuration, accommodates any number of clones that are allocated to rows with variable length (ranging from a single tree to any even number) and pre-set separation zone between ramets of the same clone. The program offers three deployment modes (equal, linear, and custom) each with multiple layouts determined by the number of iterations requested. The resulting layouts are ranked based on four criteria including: (1) the number of empty positions, (2) deviation between expected and observed clone size, (3) minimum inbreeding, and (4) a neighborhood index that expresses the efficiency of clonal distribution.